脑洞说说一氧化碳中毒CO煤气煤烟中毒

文章来源:一氧化碳中毒   发布时间:2018-7-8 19:27:23   点击数:
  

大冬天的,我说一个大夏天出现一氧化碳中毒的病人的故事。

有这么一个师傅,家住在甘肃某地区的山里。这个师傅的工作是给学校蒸馒头,蒸馒头的炉子就在他平时居住的屋子里。虽然初夏刚至,但是山中仍然寒凉。这一天也不例外,他把门窗关好,生好炉子,便睡午觉了。第二天早上,他的侄子来敲门,但没有人应声,破门而入之后才发现他倒在床上,人事不省,枕边有些呕吐物,医院,诊断“一氧化碳中毒”。之后他的家医院,又进了神经内科监护室,成为了我的病人,我便知道了他的故事。

上面这个故事确实比较少见,绝大多数的类似事故发生在冬天。一到冬天,相关的新闻也接连不断的被报道出来。

下面是一篇一氧化碳中毒的新闻:

《煤气溜边走熏倒靠墙人》

  信报讯:昨天凌晨2时30分,家住大红门地区的舒女士突然煤气中毒,并出现中度昏迷,急救队员接到求救后,迅速赶到现场,将医院。经过两个小时的高压氧舱治疗,到昨天9时许,舒女士身体已经基本恢复正常。   令其丈夫刘先生感到不解的是,当时自己和孩子也在屋里,怎么惟独妻子煤气中毒了?医院高压氧舱科杨主任处了解到,舒女士的情况并不罕见。   “舒女士有可能睡在先生里侧,煤气又爱‘溜墙边走’,因此舒女士可能吸入较多的一氧化碳。”杨主任推测。另外,如果舒女士肺活量比刘先生和孩子大,或者所处的位置刚好煤气浓度高,就可能导致舒女士吸入的一氧化碳比刘先生和孩子多,于是先出现中毒反应。   杨主任说,天气转冷后,高压氧舱科已经接到多位一氧化碳中毒的患者。她提醒读者,这几天天冷,家里的土暖气和小煤炉刚刚拿出来使用,用户一定要小心使用取暖设施,确保煤炉不会漏气,并检查好烟筒是否通畅,以免发生危险。

我还记得一个一氧化碳中毒的病人。病人是个老太太,是她的女儿陪着来住院的,叙述病情时,女儿说:床是靠墙的,当时老两口都睡在床上,老爷子睡靠墙边,老太太睡床中间,医院后,老爷子没有救过来,老太太很幸运地苏醒过来。老师在查房时,说:“煤气溜边走,所以老爷子比老太太的病情重。”我对这句话印象深刻。

“煤气溜边走”,这种说法有道理吗?

还真是有道理的。

知乎上有牛人回答:这个特点并不是煤气自身的特征,而是煤气的密度比空气小,具有热空气的特征。下图摘自《室内空气流动数值模拟》一书,原图的空气流不太清楚,图中补充了一些红色箭头。此图模拟了右下角(X)处有一热源,在辐射散热和对流散热的情况下,得出的剖面空气流。倘若热源是煤气灶,那么一氧化碳若泄露,应是从煤气灶中泄露,然后随着热空气上升,经由天花板,在另一端墙壁下降。所以“煤气溜边走”大体上是符合实际情况的。

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